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Expert Q&A:
Can I safely continue a reduced-carb diet when I'm pregnant?

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Margaret Freda
Answered by Margaret Freda Ed.D., R.N., C.H.E.S., F.A.A.N.
"I've been a professional nurse working with pregnant women and parenting families since 1966," says Margaret Comerford Freda. "Pregnant women and parents need to know as much as possible about their own health and that of their children."

Margaret Comerford Freda, Ed.D., R.N., C.H.E.S., F.A.A.N., is a Professor in the Department of Obstetrics &; Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, and also serves as Director of Patient Education Programs for that department. Since 1993, Dr. Freda has been the Consultant for Nursing at the National March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation and the Chair of the National March of Dimes Nurse Advisory Council. In addition, Dr. Freda serves as the editor of MCN, The American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing.

Dr. Freda received her Master's Degree in Nursing from New York University and her doctorate in Health Education from Columbia University. She has worked in women's health for her entire professional career. Dr. Freda has published 50 research articles in professional journals, and is a frequently invited speaker at nursing and medical conferences. She has written two books: Perinatal Patient Education, published by Lippincott Williams &; Wilkins, and Miscarriage After Infertility, published by Fairview Press, written with her daughter Carrie Semelsberger, who is also a nurse.

Dr. Freda has received several noteworthy awards, such as the Distinguished Professional Service Award and the First National Award for Excellence in Nursing Research from the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN), the Woman of Distinction Award and the Maternal Child Nurse of the Year Award from the March of Dimes, the Patient Care Award for Excellence in Patient Education from the American Academy of Family Physicians, the Research Recognition Award from Molloy College, and several Outstanding Research Paper awards at national conferences. She serves on the Scientific Advisory Council for the March of Dimes, and was selected to serve on the Select Panel of the Centers for Disease Control to advise on prenatal health. Dr. Freda has developed patient education booklets and videotapes that are now distributed nationally.

Dr. Freda has been married for four decades. She has two daughters, two sons-in-law, three grandsons, and a granddaughter.
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Question


Can I safely continue a reduced-carb diet when I'm pregnant?

Answer


Dieting in pregnancy —always an interesting topic! First, you should know that there is good evidence that eating a well-balanced diet during pregnancy will lead to a moderate weight gain (25 to 30 pounds), a healthy and well-nourished baby, and a healthy and well-nourished mother. There are no studies that tell us that Atkins is a dangerous diet for pregnancy, but there are also no studies that tell us that Atkins is a good diet for pregnancy, either.

I think you need to consider this: There will probably be very few times in your life that you will be pregnant, so why not use that time to be as healthy as you possibly can? It can only be good for you and for your baby. I would advise you to wean yourself from Atkins before you become pregnant, and then stay on a healthful, nutritious diet that includes all food groups. You can keep your calorie count low (1,200 to 1,500 calories a day) if you want to maintain your recent weight loss. Also, in these months before you become pregnant, be sure to take folic acid every day in the form of a multivitamin. This has been shown to help prevent some birth defects in infants, and it's one of the best things you can do to insure a healthy baby!

When you are fortunate enough to become pregnant, increase your calorie count, but eat a healthful, nutritious diet that contains all food groups. You need to drink milk, which is not on the Atkins diet, and you should eat grains, yogurt, and cheese as well. The average woman does not have to "eat for two" during pregnancy! Most women need to add only about 300 extra calories each day to meet all the pregnancy requirements. You might be surprised to know that's only 2 1/2 cups of lowfat milk, 1 cup of ice cream, a bagel with cream cheese, or a tuna fish sandwich! You do need extra protein while pregnant, so drinking milk or eating red meat will suffice. You'll also need extra calcium, which you can get from green leafy vegetables, orange juice, milk, yogurt, and cheese.

There are nutritionists in most communities, and if you remain concerned about your nutrition, you should go have a visit with one and map out a proper diet for yourself during pregnancy. Remember that weight gained during pregnancy can be lost, but there's no need to gain inordinate amounts of weight if you watch your caloric intake.

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